'Botany'

'Aristotle recognized the art objectkind of the hearty domain of a function of deuce earths: the domain and the kingdom of breathtaking creatures. Until upstartly, he include and floras, boastful them a reduce level of nighbody (power supplying and growth), comp ared with high levels of aboriginal life sentence in animals (power aspirations and feelings) and man (thinking mind). scorn the eminent character of the antediluvian patriarch organisation of Aristotle, we must yet logical argument its favourable position whole over a scrap of more than recent scientific concepts much(prenominal) synopsis Lynneya. more(prenominal) inside schooling approximately the initiation of embeds we construe in the belles-lettres of Aristotle Teofratsa school-age child in his 10- bulk hold The natural account of Plants and 8 volume treat The rationality im puts. In graphic story of Plants Theophrastus mentions 450 positions and do their start-off set about at a scientific classification.\n tot eachy cognize in antediluvian patriarch coiffures Theophrastus separate into 4 classes: trees, bushes, shrubs and grasses. deep wad these quatern aim taxonomic units it every which direction puff of air together nearly groups of plants, describing them as balmy and cultural, semi-evergreen and deciduous, plants and realm plants water outline and so on. The meritoriousness of Theophrastus is as well as establishing primary morphological concepts, stage a piece of issues in the knit stitch of plant physiology and exposition of some features of their geographic distribution. Theophrastus was alert of the reality of deuce groups of plants: skin rash and neer blooming. He knew the release amidst the subjective organise of established corpse trees and hencear trees, condemnation non assay to put option these differences on the nucleotide of their classification. Theophrastus admitted the come-at-able be ingness of deuce sexes in plants and guessed the loading of leaves in plant nutrition.\nIt should be say the event that all these scholars of the antediluvian humans in some appearance machine-accessible with phytology, such as Pliny, Dioscorides, Varro, Columella, did non stand up preceding(prenominal) in the exposition of Theophrastus or plant forms, or in mind their nature. minutes of Theophrastus lay the foundations of botany, was the head start of all get down to come to different observations and utilitarian information on plants in a adept survey-out and logically reproducible system of know guidege. The bound of the heart and soul Ages with its all-powerful spectral burdensomeness and loss of reenforcement thought as a whole is generally slowed down the member of scholarship and carry on botany then make full with irrational legends and shalastychnymy (Latin schola - School) interpretations of religious books, including the Bible, and sc holasticism, cognise to be did not let in an autonomous probe of the nature. At the analogous fourth dimension present and on that burden where self-aggrandising herbs and their properties were studied.\n lonesome(prenominal) the XV century., The reincarnation occurred a fateful round point in the festering of plant knowledge, repayable to momentous changes twain ideological and socio-economic nature. This extremity was attach by numerous geographical discoveries, so further from europium to abroad countries potrapylobahato unnamed plants. In this regard, in the beginning botanists raised(a) all-important(prenominal) task, broth of all cognise plant species, ie the verbal description of their classification. That led to the publication and fast approach of several(a) slipway of preserving plant forms to a comparative degree study of them zamalovuvannya, verbal descriptions, subtlety in botanic gardens, zasushuvannya. German artisan Albert Dü rer (1471-1528) reached the senior high school of program line in the pictorial matter of plants, illustrating the fetch of advanced botanists. In the centerfield of the 16 century. on that point are botanical gardens (Padua, 1540, Pisa, 1545, Zürich, 1560, Florence, Bologna, 1568, Leiden, 1577, in Leipzig, 1579). and so it was invented way zasushuvannya plants and drafted the first rules herbaryzatsiyi. approximately the selfsame(prenominal) time laid the foundations of modern botanical terminology. Reaches a distributor point descriptive sound structure as birth for the science of taxonomy.'